The village of Pyrgi on the island of Chios has a long and rich history
which dates back to the year 1392. Today, the journey from the city of Chios to the
village of Pyrgi is an exciting one to behold. Following the main road as one leaves the
main city and its urban environment, one sees a sight that energizes him but at the same
time has a calming effect. And indeed, the sight is striking! Along a narrow field,
mountaintops that reach the sky create a harmonious and magical composition of colors. One
can enter the village of Pyrgi through different gates. Today the most common ones are the
Lower and Upper gates. The stone laid streets and narrow alleys with big arches are very
characteristic of the area. One of the most intriguing architectural elements of Pyrgi is
the decoration of the houses with the "xysta", a technique that traces its
origins to the period during which the island was under the occupation of the Genoans.
This technique is preserved even today and decorates the fronts of homes with either
beautiful geometric shapes or with various animal and natural patterns. Today this
technique includes thin beach sand mixed with cement, but the pattern design and materials
used in the past went through three major periods, when various designs and materials were
utilized during each time period. The occupation of most of the island's inhabitants is
the production of mastic, a pasty material produced by mastic trees, which is also the
primary source of the island's economy.
Another element that underlines the history of the region is the traditional costumes,
which are known for their impressive embroideries, especially the ones worn by the women.
These costumes are still worn daily by certain elder locals. In addition, the folk dances
of the area complement the local traditions and reveal another dimension of the people.
The most characteristic dance is called Pyrgousikos. Three people, two men and a woman,
perform this dance. The first man is holding a handkerchief and is positioned to the right
side of the woman while the other man is on her left holding her hand from underneath. The
woman remains in the same position throughout the dance, but the male escorts will most
likely change. The rhythm of the dance is upbeat and there is constant movement to the
front, back as well as sideways.
Among all of Pyrgi's historical and traditional treasures, its most important monument
is the "Pyrgos" which in Greek means castle. This most impressive building had
both defensive and civil functions. It was heavily built out of stone, was rectangular in
shape and consisted of a ground level and two more floors. It was located close to the
Village Square and each side had three big windows on the upper levels. There were no
openings on the ground floor, which was indicative of the building's function as a
defensive shelter. Today, hardly any of the original features have survived intact. Since
the Ottoman occupation, the building has been deserted, and the devastating earthquake of
1881 caused extensive damage to the east and west ends of the structure. It was not until
1892 that a few houses were built in the interior.
Sources: Society of Pyrgi, Athens. |